Sex- and Gender-Specific Medicine

The Case for Sex- and Gender-Specific Medicine

C. Noel Bairey Merz, MD; Vera Regitz-Zagrosek, MD

There are numerous differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) between men and women. Women have a higher prevalence of coronary microvascular dysfunction, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, Tako-Tsubo syndrome (also known as stress-induced cardiomyopathy), and post–myocardial infarction depression than men. Women also have a greater sensitivity to QT-prolonging medications and higher heart failure mortality with digoxin than men.^1,2 A mounting literature further documents important sex differences in pharmacology, including response to β-blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.³

 

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cardiac, Cardiac Disease, Cardiology, Cardiovascular disease, CVD, Depression, Gender-Specific